The United Nations has added Israel and Russia to its blacklist of parties suspected of involvement in conflict-related sexual violence, according to the latest annual report by the UN Secretary-General. Hamas had already been included on the list following the October 2023 attacks that led to the ongoing Gaza conflict.
What is Conflict-Related Sexual Violence?
Conflict-related sexual violence (CRSV) includes acts such as rape, sexual slavery, forced prostitution, forced pregnancy, enforced sterilization, and other forms of sexual abuse that are directly or indirectly linked to armed conflict. These acts are recognized as serious violations of international humanitarian law and international human rights law.
Understanding the UN Blacklist
The blacklist forms part of the UN Secretary-General’s annual report on conflict-related sexual violence. It identifies state and non-state actors that are suspected of committing, ordering, or being responsible for patterns of sexual violence in conflict zones.
While inclusion on the list does not automatically trigger international sanctions, it carries significant diplomatic and reputational consequences. Repeated offenders may also face restrictions related to participation in United Nations peacekeeping operations.
Why Was Israel Added?
According to the report, the United Nations verified 31 cases involving Palestinian men, women, and children in Gaza and the occupied West Bank between 2023 and 2025. The report alleges that incidents of sexual violence occurred during detention, interrogation, and certain military operations.
The findings have drawn international attention and are likely to increase scrutiny of conduct during the ongoing conflict.
Why Was Russia Added?
Russia was included in the blacklist for conflict-related sexual violence connected to the war in Ukraine. The report cites cases attributed to Russian armed forces and security personnel operating in conflict areas.
International organizations and human rights groups have repeatedly documented allegations of abuse during the conflict, and the latest UN report places these concerns within its formal monitoring framework.
A Growing Global Concern
The report highlights the widespread nature of conflict-related sexual violence across the world. The annex to the report identifies 77 parties responsible for patterns of such violence, including 62 non-state actors.
Globally, the United Nations recorded nearly 10,000 verified cases of conflict-related sexual violence during the previous year, underscoring the continuing humanitarian challenges faced by civilians in conflict zones.
Conclusion
The inclusion of Israel and Russia alongside other listed parties reflects the UN’s ongoing efforts to document and monitor allegations of sexual violence in armed conflicts. While listing itself does not impose legal penalties, it serves as an important mechanism for international accountability and raises global awareness about one of the most serious human rights violations associated with war.